An introductory overview of the most important psychological disorders

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• 2024-05-23
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An introductory overview of the most important psychological disorders 

Below is a summary of some common psychological disorders:

  Anxiety disorders
1. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD):
It is characterized by excessive and persistent worry about several aspects of daily life. Symptoms include tension, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and irritability.

2. Panic disorder:
It is characterized by recurrent attacks of sudden panic and intense fear, which are accompanied by physical symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, sweating, and difficulty breathing.

3. Social phobia:
An intense and persistent fear of social situations or performing in front of others, which leads to avoiding these situations or feeling extremely upset when faced with them.

  Mood disorders
1. Severe depression:
It is characterized by feelings of profound sadness and loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities. It may be accompanied by changes in weight and sleep, loss of energy, and feelings of guilt or nihilism.

2. Bipolar disorder:
It involves extreme mood swings that include periods of depression and periods of mania or hypomania, where the person is in a state of hyperactivity, high self-confidence, and impulsive behavior.

  Personality disorders
1. Borderline personality disorder (BPD):
It involves a pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions. It may be accompanied by impulsive behavior, angry outbursts, and frequent suicide attempts.

2. Narcissistic personality disorder:
Characterized by a sense of grandiosity, an excessive need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. The person is often conceited and believes that he deserves special treatment.

  Eating disorders
1. Anorexia Nervosa:
It includes refusal to eat adequately, excessive weight loss, an intense fear of gaining weight, and a distorted self-image.

2. Bulimia Nervosa:
It involves episodes of binge eating followed by unhealthy compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting, use of laxatives, or excessive exercise.

Autistic spectrum disorders
1. Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD):
It is characterized by difficulties in communication and social interaction, and restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. It varies in severity and usually appears in early childhood.

Other psychological disorders
1. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD):
It includes the presence of obsessions (repetitive, disturbing thoughts) and compulsive behaviors (repetitive actions performed to relieve the anxiety caused by the obsessions).

2. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD):
It occurs after exposure to a traumatic event, and includes re-experiencing the traumatic event through traumatic memories, nightmares, and avoidance of things related to the event, with symptoms of excessive anxiety.

This is an overview of some common mental disorders